The PhD project aims to develop an integrated framework to enhance the value of geothermal resources through the co-production of electricity, district heating, and critical raw materials contained in geothermal fluids (e.g., lithium, boron), coupled with mineral CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage). The objective is to evaluate the technical, economic, and environmental sustainability of multifunctional geothermal systems, moving beyond traditional power-only approaches.
A key component of the research will focus on the geochemical variability of geothermal fluids, recognizing that their composition, temperature, and ionic ratios are strongly controlled by geological setting. Volcanic systems, sedimentary basins, and metamorphic basement environments produce fluids with distinct chemical signatures and resource potential. Understanding the controls on metal concentration, speciation, and mobility during water–rock interaction will therefore be essential.
The project will integrate energy and exergy analyses with Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life Cycle Costing (LCC), comparing conventional geothermal exploitation with integrated systems including metal extraction and cascade heat recovery. By combining geological, geochemical, thermal, economic, infrastructural, and regulatory parameters, favourability models will be developed to identify where integrated geothermal valorization can support a sustainable energy and industrial transition.
A solid background in Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Geological Engineering, or related disciplines is required. The candidate should have experience or strong interest in GIS and geospatial analysis, numerical modeling, and data-driven methods, including machine learning or AI applied to geoscientific and environmental systems. Familiarity with thermodynamic modeling, geochemical datasets, or energy system analysis will be considered an asset. Strong analytical skills, scientific curiosity, and the ability to work in interdisciplinary teams are essential.
The PhD project will be carried out within the geothermal and geochemical–petrologic research group of IGG-CNR (Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources), which has long-standing expertise in geothermal systems, CRM, mineral CCS, fluid geochemistry, and water–rock interaction. The research environment provides access to advanced geochemical laboratories for fluid and rock analysis, facilities for 3D geological modelling, and numerical tools for thermal and reservoir modelling. The interdisciplinary setting of IGG-CNR fosters collaboration with experts in geochemistry, geology, and energy systems, offering a stimulating environment for research on geothermal resources and critical raw materials.